For many, beer, wine, and spirits conjure up thoughts of social gatherings and tipsy fun. But alcohol is a nervous system depressant and easily alters behavior, culminating in some cases in the emotional pain and physical disintegration of alcohol addiction , colloquially known as alcoholism.
Signs, Symptoms, and Diagnosis of Alcoholism
Alcoholism most often refers to alcohol use disorder—a problematic pattern of drinking that leads to impairment or distress—which can be characterized as mild, moderate, or severe based on the number of symptoms a patient has, such as failing to fulfill obligations or developing a tolerance.
Mild is classified as two to three symptoms, moderate is classified as four to five symptoms, and severe is classified as six or more symptoms, according to the DSM-5 .
Alcohol use disorder is a problematic pattern of alcohol use that leads to distress in one’s daily life, according to the DSM-5. The symptoms that can lead to a diagnosis include drinking more alcohol than intended, failing to cut back on alcohol use, devoting substantial time and effort to drinking and recovering from drinking, strong cravings for alcohol, failing to fulfill obligations at work, school, or home, disengaging from relationships and activities, and developing tolerance or withdrawal, among others.
Experiencing at least two symptoms throughout the course of a year merits a diagnosis, from mild to moderate to severe.
Explore More About Alcoholism
For a comprehensive understanding of alcoholism, read our complete guide: