Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a decline in cognitive function that may include compromised memory , language, or critical thinking. It is considered more serious than expected age-related decline but less serious and concerning than dementia . Some cases of MCI proceed to dementia and some do not, making such impairment especially alarming for some who experience it. A person with symptoms of impairment might begin losing items, for example, or forget scheduled appointments. While these changes are notable to the individual, they do not routinely interfere with activities of daily living.
What Is Mild Cognitive Impairment?
Neurologists divide MCI into two broad categories: amnestic impairment, in which memory loss is the predominant symptom, and non-amnestic impairment, in which other cognitive areas, such as decision-making or spatial orientation, are primarily affected.
As we age, we expect some decline in cognitive abilities. However, mild impairment is that middle ground between a normal age-related cognitive loss and more serious diminishment of function. MCI can impact a person’s judgment, speech, and reasoning.
A minor decline in cognitive function can appear as early as the late twenties , but such decline is less pronounced until middle age, and it becomes more and more apparent among septuagenarians and people who are older.
Dementia is not the same as mild cognitive impairment. Dementia can impact a person’s daily living and activities. People with dementia, for example, forget whether they took their medication or have difficulty managing their finances.
In subjective cognitive decline, your daily function is normal, but you notice a slight decline in memory. If you visit your doctor and are deemed unimpaired, you may have SCD or subjective cognitive impairment . People with SCD may end up with a diagnosable memory disorder within five to 10 years.
People with MCI are normally able to drive a vehicle. However, the mini-mental status exam is recommended to evaluate impairment . Neurologists and physicians can administer such a test.
Frequently Asked Questions
What exactly is mild cognitive impairment?
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a decline in cognitive function that may include compromised memory , language, or critical thinking. It is considered more serious than expected age-related decline but less serious and concerning than dementia . Some cases of MCI proceed to dementia and some do not, making such impairment especially alarming for some who experience it. A person with symptoms of
Is mild cognitive impairment a serious condition?
Mild Cognitive Impairment exists on a spectrum. While mild forms are a normal part of life, persistent or severe mild cognitive impairment can significantly impact daily functioning and quality of life. It's important to seek professional support if mild cognitive impairment is interfering with work, relationships, or wellbeing.
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