Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) addresses self-harm through its strong evidence base: most self-harm is connected to relationship problems, and improving relationships improves self-harm.
The Four IPT Focus Areas for Self-Harm
IPT targets one of four interpersonal problem areas that typically accompany self-harm:
- Grief: Loss and bereavement contributing to self-harm
- Role disputes: Conflicts in important relationships driving self-harm
- Role transitions: Life changes creating adjustment-related self-harm
- Interpersonal deficits: Limited social skills or relationships sustaining self-harm
IPT vs. CBT for Self-Harm
While CBT targets thoughts and behaviors, IPT targets relationships and communication. Both are highly effective for self-harm — the best choice depends on the primary driver.
What IPT for Self-Harm Looks Like
IPT for self-harm typically runs 12-20 sessions, with early sessions identifying the interpersonal focus area, middle sessions working on it, and later sessions consolidating gains.