Play—or fun, imaginative, relaxed, and self-directed activities—is a key part of life for children and adults alike. Play tends to be self-chosen, removed in some way from “real” life, and governed by a set of rules determined by the players, rather than an outside source. Play has myriad payoffs and is more common in children than adults; however, adults can and do play, often to their own benefit.
Why Is Play Important for Children?
Playing serves a number of important functions in child development . Through play, children can assert their independence from adults, learning about their own preferences and dislikes in the process. They can hone their skills at forming and maintaining friendships with their peers. They learn to take turns, share, and compromise—all key for growing into agreeable, competent adults.
And though play may seem imaginary or purely whimsical, it can also allow children to practice tasks that they will need to do for themselves when they grow up—such as handling their finances or running a household. Playing offers a rare opportunity for children to take control of their own environment—they can test different emotional experiences, such as aggression and sexual curiosity, without the risk of adverse consequences.
Different researchers have identified different “types” of play that children engage in—including fantasy or pretend play, physical or locomotor play (such as chasing or fighting), constructive play (in which children build or create things), language play (inventing words, playing with rhymes, etc), and games with rules. All types of play are valuable for children.
Parents should follow the child’s lead in play —engaging with her imaginary world, shifting gears when desired, and stopping when she (or the parent) wants to. On the other hand, parents shouldn’t feel bossed around or forced to keep playing. In order for play to be valuable, children must learn to negotiate and cooperate—not dominate or terrorize others.
Explore More About Play
For a comprehensive understanding of play, read our complete guide: