Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) addresses passive-aggression through its strong evidence base: most passive-aggression is connected to relationship problems, and improving relationships improves passive-aggression.
The Four IPT Focus Areas for Passive-Aggression
IPT targets one of four interpersonal problem areas that typically accompany passive-aggression:
- Grief: Loss and bereavement contributing to passive-aggression
- Role disputes: Conflicts in important relationships driving passive-aggression
- Role transitions: Life changes creating adjustment-related passive-aggression
- Interpersonal deficits: Limited social skills or relationships sustaining passive-aggression
IPT vs. CBT for Passive-Aggression
While CBT targets thoughts and behaviors, IPT targets relationships and communication. Both are highly effective for passive-aggression — the best choice depends on the primary driver.
What IPT for Passive-Aggression Looks Like
IPT for passive-aggression typically runs 12-20 sessions, with early sessions identifying the interpersonal focus area, middle sessions working on it, and later sessions consolidating gains.