Compartmentalization is a defense mechanism in which people mentally separate conflicting thoughts, emotions, or experiences to avoid the discomfort of contradiction.
Compartmentalization in Therapy and Mental Health
Compartmentalization is not inherently negative—sometimes you need to put one conflict aside to tackle another challenge. But in some instances, compartmentalization can be indicative of a deeper problem.
For example, someone who experienced childhood abuse may not be willing to acknowledge or process the experience as it conflicts with their sense of self. On the other hand, someone might compartmentalize a wrongdoing of her own, such as loving her husband while having an affair with another man.
Working with a therapist can allow people to acknowledge inner conflict and perhaps change their behavior for the better.
In the aftermath of a trauma, people sometimes hold conflicting ideas in their mind. Trauma, as well as addiction , can lead to a psychic architecture built of walls, closets, and closed doors, so that thoughts or experiences can be kept in different “rooms.” A therapist can help the patient understand why their experiences or beliefs are separate and how to connect them to move forward.
Compartmentalization in Everyday Life
Compartmentalization can be part of everyday experience, especially in situations when life can benefit from a little separation. Some may draw boundaries between work and play; others may make allowances for mistakes and setbacks.
When people are dealing with several serious problems at the same time, or trying to cope with a problem that can't be solved right away, it can be difficult to maintain focus to accomplish necessary tasks; putting a problem on hold by compartmentalizing can help them take action. Although disengaging with emotions isn’t a long-term solution, it can be a valuable tool from time to time.
Our jobs sometimes seem to take over our lives—particularly when they involve high levels of stress or pressure, or when the workplace has turned toxic. Compartmentalizing can set boundaries so you function well at work and enjoy time away from the office.
To do that, recognize that leaving tasks for later or intentionally working after hours lengthens the workday, so try to finish by the end of the day and avoid after-work communication (to the extent that that’s in your control). Deliberately think about work on the commute home, or at the end of the day. When you arrive home or stop working, allow yourself to completely block out work and use mindfulness techniques to help stay in the moment.
Explore More About Compartmentalization
For a comprehensive understanding of compartmentalization, read our complete guide: