Autism is a developmental disorder that affects information processing. People with autism have difficulties with social and communication skills. They have restricted interests and engage in repetitive behaviors. They also tend to experience sensitivity or discomfort from sensory stimulation such as certain lights or sounds.
Treatments for Autism
There are many effective approaches for managing or treating autism. Early intervention with highly structured behavioral, cognitive, and communication therapies can sometimes dramatically help children with autism learn skills. School-based educational programs designed for children with autism can be effective in improving intellectual functioning.
Programs that make use of applied behavior analysis (ABA) have become widely accepted as the standard of treatment. In most programs, parents are encouraged to be highly involved in their children's care.
While no medication can correct the impairments common to autism, psychoactive drugs including antidepressants , antipsychotics , and anticonvulsants are sometimes prescribed to help control specific symptoms. Anticonvulsant medication may reduce the number of seizures a person has but not eliminate them entirely.
For more, see How Is Autism Treated?
Autism and Related Conditions
Autism seems to overlap with an array of medical and mental health conditions. People with autism can also have ADHD , anxiety , depression , epilepsy, sleep challenges, gastrointestinal problems, or Fragile X syndrome.
It’s difficult to disentangle why these conditions coexist and how one causes the other (or vice versa). Yet identifying them is important because it allows people with autism to address distressing symptoms and improve their day to day life.
For more, see Autism and Related Conditions.
Parenting a Child with Autism
Learning that a child has autism can be overwhelming, and parents might cycle through different emotions. Parenting a child with autism often means researching programs and services, keeping detailed records, and becoming a child’s advocate in school and medical settings, in addition to adjusting to new financial and relationship considerations.
It’s important to remember that autism is a relatively common condition, and there are many resources and professionals available to help parents provide the best support possible for their child.
For more, see Parenting a Child with Autism .
The classroom can be a challenging place for children with autism, from staying on top of their schoolwork to the bright lights and sounds in the building. Children with autism are entitled to services that can help support their education . Parents play an integral part in this process, from securing an individualized education plan to keeping open channels of communication with teachers.
Autism and the Workforce
People with autism face distinct challenges in the workforce, and some are not able to find employment or stay employed. However, there is a growing effort among companies to recognize the benefits of neurodiversity , hire people with autism, and support them in their roles.
For more, see Autism and the Workforce.
Explore More About Autism
For a comprehensive understanding of autism, read our complete guide: