Recovery Is More Than Abstinence
Broadening our definition of abstinence can reduce stigma and lead to healing.
Posted September 13, 2025 | Reviewed by Lybi Ma
When many people hear the word recovery , they often think only of abstinence, a life free from alcohol or drugs. It tends to be centered on what we are leaving behind or what we are giving up. While abstinence can be a part of recovery, it’s not the whole story, and not everyone in recovery requires a life completely free of substances. Recovery is about building a healthier, fuller life, not just avoiding substances. It’s about becoming whole again and not needing a substance to escape from our lives or to fill a void.
Recovery Beyond Abstinence
Recovery has shifted from focusing on what’s taken away (substances, legal trouble, hospitalizations, relationship issues) to what’s added —health, happiness , connection, and resilience .
For many, this means:
SAMHSA, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, defines recovery as a personal process of change “where individuals improve their health and wellness, live self-directed lives, and reach their full potential” (SAMHSA, 2024). This encompasses physical, emotional, and spiritual components of well-being. It also includes having a stable home, meaningful relationships, and a purpose or finding meaning in life. For some people, abstinence is necessary to support a recovery-driven life. Others may be able to sustain recovery while changing their patterns of use.
A Holistic Approach to Healing
True recovery includes mental health care, support networks, lifestyle changes, and sometimes medication -assisted treatment. It’s a process that looks different for every individual. Some people need long-term abstinence, while others may require a period of time substance-free before being able to use in healthier ways. Recovery always requires a mindset shift. When we shift our focus from giving up alcohol or drugs to what we gain from recovery, then the path becomes easier.
By moving beyond the outdated idea that recovery equals abstinence, we reduce stigma and open doors for more people to seek help in ways that work for them. Recovery is about reaching your potential. It’s about noticing the role that alcohol or other drugs may play in your life and how it is holding you back. It’s about how, while using substances, your actions may not align with your values. It’s about taking that next step towards being the future self you want to be.
To sum it up. Recovery is not a straight line, nor is it defined solely by abstinence. It is a process of rebuilding connection, reclaiming dignity, and finding hope—even in the face of setbacks. By broadening our understanding of what recovery truly means, we create space for more people and families to heal without shame . What does recovery mean to you? I’ll be exploring these questions in future posts, and I invite you to join the conversation.
Assessing challenges and solutions in substance abuse prevention, harm reduction, and treatment services in New York State. SSM - Health Systems. December 2024. D.J. Kruger, et al.
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Kasey R. Claborn, Ph.D., is a licensed clinical psychologist and Associate Professor of Social Work at The University of Texas at Austin.
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This article is part of the Bringwise Psychology Journal — daily insights on human behavior, mental health, and personal growth.