How AI Companions Affect Attachment and Sexual Connection
Exploring mental health, sexual relationships, and loneliness in the age of AI.
Posted May 30, 2026 | Reviewed by Margaret Foley
May is National Mental Health Awareness Month in the U.S. This year's theme, "More Good Days, Together," focuses on the importance of connection, support, and community in emotional well-being. The campaign’s message feels especially relevant to these times, when many clients report to their therapists that they feel increasingly lonely despite being digitally connected to just about everyone in their lives. The American Psychological Association ’s 2025 Stress in America survey found that more than 6 in 10 U.S. adults have felt isolated over the past year. As a relationship and Certified Sex Therapist, I've found that loneliness may be expressed through symptoms like:
Can AI Companions Help Reduce Isolation?
As loneliness continues to rise, new studies are examining how AI tools are becoming sources of comfort and companionship for increasing numbers of people. In 2024, Chou and colleagues studied how an AI chatbot helped older adults during the COVID-19 lockdown cope with the loneliness and stress of isolation. They observed 35 adults, with an average age of 65, who had anxiety or depression . After four weeks of interacting with the AI chatbot, the subjects completed multiple self-report questionnaires. The researchers observed that the loneliness scores in adults over 65 years old improved.
Similarly, in another 2024 study in the Journal of Psychology & Marketing , Marriott and Pitardi analyzed hundreds of Reddit posts made by users of an AI companion app in the United States, and they surveyed more than 500 of those app users (ranging in age between 20 and 45 years old). They found that many participants reported using these AI apps because they felt lonely, emotionally unsupported, or afraid of judgment from other people. For example, one user stated: “[The AI friendship app] listened to me when nobody wouldn't. She has spoken to me when I was too vulnerable to let another human in.” The participants felt that AI was always available, trustworthy, and non-judgmental, and actually helped improve their mood and mental health.
These results prompt the question many sex therapists encounter: Can AI bots or companions actually provide the sustained erotic, sexual, and emotional intimacy that is inherent in an IRL relationship?
Can AI Companions Help With the Skills Needed to Approach a Person in Real Life?
When overusing AI, some users reported actually feeling like they were escaping real life, real friends, and forms of real support like therapy. Marriott et al. found that developing an unhealthy reliance on AI can hurt social and mental well-being rather than help. Many clients who begin sex therapy report that they are dependent on porn , overly reliant on a chatbot, and that it is causing harm to their relationships, their work life, and their sense of self-respect. When they speak about this in therapy, they often describe their online world as easier to engage with than the confusing or overwhelming world of IRL dating or relationships. My colleague Esther Perel describes the online world of AI chatbot experiences with adjectives like “frictionless," "polished," and "one-way.” Having relationships without a real, differentiated person on the other side who has different needs and opinions is not actually a relationship; it is a self-curated experience. Over time, a person with social anxiety or trauma may feel less capable of engaging with the world because they are not building the muscle of relationality.
While digital communication and AI tools may help reduce feelings of loneliness in the near term, they do not fully replace the nourishment that people can access through in-person emotional connection, physical touch, mutual vulnerability, and sexual intimacy.
The Mental Health Benefits of Sexuality
In a 2025 systematic review published in Behavioral Sciences , Pollard et al. examined the relationship between sexual health and mental health in over 3,000 records. The researchers found that sexuality should not be considered separate from overall well-being. Rather than defining sexual health as the absence of sexual dysfunction, the paper highlights the importance of other factors like sexual satisfaction, desire, pleasure, and intimacy. These aspects of sexual health were linked to higher psychological well-being and better physical health. For example, because orgasms are followed by a release of hormones like prolactin and oxytocin , they help relieve stress. Therefore, one of the evidence-based lessons a therapist can pass on to their clients is that better sex can lead to better overall health. And always add the caveat that sex can mean all types of touch and connection and does not always involve penetration.
Five Ways to Create More Emotional and Sexual Intimacy
This Mental Health Month is an invitation to get honest about what technology should be used for and what it cannot replace. Here are a few places to start:
American Psychological Association. (2025, November 6). APA poll reveals a nation suffering from stress of societal division, loneliness . https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2025/11/nation-suffering-division-loneliness
Chou, Y.-H., Lin, C., Lee, S.-H., Lee, Y.-F., & Cheng, L.-C. (2024). User-friendly chatbot to mitigate the psychological stress of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: Development and Usability Study. JMIR Formative Research , 8 . https://doi.org/10.2196/49462
Marriott, H. R., & Pitardi, V. (2023). One is the loneliest number… two can be as bad as one. the influence of Ai friendship apps on users’ Well‐being and addiction. Psychology & Marketing , 41 (1), 86–101. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21899
Pollard, A. E., Cero, I., & Rogge, R. D. (2025). Conceptual frameworks linking sexual health to physical, mental, and interpersonal well-being: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Behavioral Sciences , 15 (12), 1636. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15121636
Aron, A., Melinat, E., Aron, E. N., Vallone, R. D., & Bator, R. J. (1997). The experimental generation of interpersonal closeness: A procedure and some preliminary findings. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 23 (4), 363–377. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167297234003
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Sari Cooper, CST, is a certified sex therapist, the Director of the Center for Love and Sex in NYC, a media expert, and the founder of Sex Esteem®, LLC.
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This article is part of the Bringwise Psychology Journal — daily insights on human behavior, mental health, and personal growth.